Infant Needs for High Risk

InfantNeeds for HighRisk
How many Calories are needed?
*First week - metabolic rate lower, weight gain rarely occurs/active growth period
-4 lbs. - 100-200 calories/day, active growth = 200-275 calories/day
-5 lbs. - 115-239 calories/day, active growth 250-350 calories/day
-6 lbs. - 135-275 calories/day, active growth 300-410 calories/day
How much Protein is needed?
*Protein requirement- is lower due to immature kidney function
-lack of weight gain during first week/active growth period
*4 lbs. = 3.6 grams/day, active growth = 5.45-7.27 grams/day
*5 lbs. = 4.5 grams/day, active growth = 6.8-9 grams/day
*6 lbs. = 5.45 grams/day, active growth = 8-10.9 grams/day
-active growth - increases renal solute load, kidney performance evaluated
How much Carbohydrate is needed?
*First week/active growth period
-4 lbs.= 13-22 grams/day, active growth = 22-27 grams/day
-5 lbs.= 16-27 grams/day, active growth = 27-34 grams/day
-6 lbs. = 19-33 grams/day, active growth = 33-41 grams/day
How much Fat is needed?
*First week/active growth period
-4 lbs. = 5-7 grams/day, active growth = 9-14.5 grams/day
-5 lbs. = 6.8-9 grams/day, active growth = 11.3-18 grams/day
-6 lbs. = 8-10.9 grams/day, active growth = 13.6-21.8 grams/day
Information:
*Cystine, tyrosine, taurine, and histidine- are essential for premature infants
*Low birth weight babies can digest disaccharides, often problems with lactose
digestion-do not avoid, lactose enhances calcium absorption, promotes bacterial flora
*Absorption of saturated fats is poor
*3% of fats should be from linoleic acid, 40-50% total calories = fat
-helps decrease solute load